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Mental Models

Short-Term Memory

Short-term memory temporarily holds information for about 20 to 30 seconds before it is forgotten or stored in long-term memory. Repeating the information can help you retain it.

THE IDEA

Short-Term Memory

Short-term memory holds a limited amount of information for about 20 to 30 seconds. Some information is forgotten; some is stored in long-term memory. Repeating information can help you retain it.

A waiter taking an order without writing it down relies on short-term memory. When meeting Connie, you might repeat her name in your greeting and use it again when saying you are glad to meet her.

When to use it

  • Remembering a phone number long enough to dial it.

  • Holding a shopping list in mind until you write it down.

  • Following multi-step instructions without notes.

  • Recalling a person's name during initial introductions.

FROM THEORY TO EVERYDAY LIFE

In practice

01

Waiter's Order

A waiter at a restaurant takes your order without writing it down, relying on short-term memory to hold the information temporarily.

02

Remembering a Name

When meeting someone new, repeating their name immediately (e.g., 'Hi Connie. I am glad to meet you, Connie.') helps retain it in short-term memory.

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A MOMENT TO REFLECT

Put it to work.

  1. How can you apply repetition techniques to improve your short-term memory in daily life?

  2. Which everyday situations give you a chance to practice holding information briefly?

Connected ideas

Another lens can bring the same problem into focus.

CONTINUE THE CONVERSATION

Source texts

  • Thinking in Systems and Mental Models Think Like a Super Thinker (Dawson, Marcus P)
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