Self-Sealing Argument
A self-sealing argument admits no possible counterevidence, so it cannot be falsified. This makes it vacuous as an argument.
THE IDEA
Description
An argument or position is self-sealing if and only if no evidence can possibly be brought against it no matter what. This makes the argument vacuous or meaningless.
Examples
Example 1: Everything happens for a reason
This statement cannot be disproven because any outcome can be claimed as 'the reason', making it self-sealing.
Example 2: It is God's will
Since there is no possible way to know God's will, no evidence can argue against it, rendering the claim meaningless.
Exception
No exceptions when being used as an argument.
Tip
Most superstitious beliefs are centered around self-sealing or vacuous arguments. That is why many people refuse to let go of superstitious beliefs – because they cannot be proven false.
When to use it
Identifying superstitious beliefs in everyday conversations to challenge their validity.
Evaluating arguments in debates to ensure they are not immune to counterevidence.
Analyzing political or marketing claims that cannot be falsified.
Teaching critical thinking to recognize vacuous arguments.
FROM THEORY TO EVERYDAY LIFE
In practice
Everything happens for a reason
This statement cannot be disproven because any outcome can be claimed as 'the reason', making it self-sealing.
It is God's will
Since there is no possible way to know God's will, no evidence can argue against it, rendering the claim meaningless.
A MOMENT TO REFLECT
Put it to work.
Can you identify a belief you hold that cannot be falsified? How could you test it?
Why is it important for arguments to be open to counterevidence?
In what ways might self-sealing arguments hinder critical thinking?
CONTINUE THE CONVERSATION
Source texts
- Logically Fallacious - The Ultimate Collection of Over 300 Logical Fallacies