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Mental Models

PO

PO is a symbol and tool for lateral thinking, designed to break rigid patterns of thinking and generate new ideas without judgment. It acts like a 'laxative' for the mind, allowing a temporary escape from logical conventions so new ideas can emerge.

THE IDEA

General function of PO

PO is the laxative of language and thinking. PO is the device for carrying out lateral thinking.

PO is a symbol which draws attention to the pattern making behaviour of mind which tends to establish rigid patterns. PO draws attention to the possibility of clichés and rigid ways of looking at things. PO draws attention to the possibility of insight restructuring to obtain new patterns without any further information. Even if PO is never used except as a reminder of these things then it can still be extremely useful.

When used as a practical language tool the function of PO is to indicate that lateral thinking is being used. PO indicates that the arrangement of information being made makes sense from a lateral thinking point of view even if it does not make sense otherwise. Without some definite indicator such as PO there would be confusion when lateral thinking was introduced in the middle of an ordinary vertical thinking discussion.

PO is not a selective device but a generative one. PO is never a judgement. PO never examines why an arrangement of information has been made but looks forward to what effect it may have. PO does not oppose or counteract judgements but merely side steps them. PO also protects arrangements of information from judgement.

PO is essentially a device to enable one to use information in a way that is other than the most obvious and the most reasonable. PO allows one to make arrangements of information for which there is no justification. PO also allows one to challenge arrangements of information for which there is full justification.

PO may seem a perversion designed to upset the highly useful system of logical thinking, permanent concepts and the pursuit of the most obvious. PO is not however a perversion but an escape. It does not destroy the usefulness of this system but adds to it by overcoming the rigidity which is the main limitation of the system. It is a holiday from the usual conventions of logic not an attack upon them. Without the stabilizing background of traditional vertical thinking PO would not be much use. If everything was chaos then there would be no rigidity to escape from nor would there be any possibility of establishing a more up to date pattern which is what insight is about. As a device PO actually enhances the effectiveness of vertical thinking by keeping it intact. This PO does by providing a means to bypass vertical thinking in order to introduce a generative factor. Once a new pattern has emerged it can be developed with the full rigour of vertical thinking and judged.

When to use it

  • Creative brainstorming sessions where wild ideas are encouraged before evaluation.

  • Challenging long-held assumptions in a business strategy meeting.

  • Design thinking workshops to generate novel solutions.

  • Personal reflection to overcome cognitive biases and mental ruts.

FROM THEORY TO EVERYDAY LIFE

In practice

01

Brainstorming wild ideas

In a team meeting, when someone proposes an idea that seems illogical, another team member says 'PO' to signal that the idea should be explored without judgment, allowing a fresh perspective to emerge.

02

Challenging assumptions

When designing a product, a team uses PO to temporarily accept a statement like 'This product should be free' even though it seems unreasonable, leading to new business models like freemium or advertising-supported services.

✳

A MOMENT TO REFLECT

Put it to work.

  1. Think of a problem you are currently facing. How could you use PO to generate at least three 'unreasonable' solutions without judging them?

  2. When was the last time you dismissed an idea too quickly because it didn't fit logical patterns? How might PO have changed that interaction?

  3. How can you incorporate the concept of PO into your daily thinking to break rigid habits?

Connected ideas

Another lens can bring the same problem into focus.

Often confused with

CONTINUE THE CONVERSATION

Source texts

  • Lateral Thinking A Textbook of Creativity (Edward de Bono)
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