Confusing an Explanation with an Excuse
Treating an explanation of a fact as if it were a justification of the fact, a valid reason for the fact, or evidence for the fact.
THE IDEA
Description
Treating an explanation of a fact as if it were a justification of the fact, a valid reason for the fact, or evidence for the fact.
Example
Explanation: In this case, Mrs. Crabtree committed the fallacy by incorrectly thinking Mrs. Martin’s fact was meant to be a justification, when it was not.
Example #2
Explanation: Marshall explained what God did; he did not offer a justification for it.
The exchanges behind these examples and a general logical form are not included in this excerpt.
Exception
If it is clear to both parties that no justification attempt is being made, but rather just stating a fact, then this fallacy is not being committed.
Tip
If you are unsure if someone is trying to make an excuse or simply stating a fact, ask them. Don’t assume.
When to use it
In a workplace conflict, a colleague explains why a project was delayed; avoid assuming they are making excuses without further inquiry.
In legal contexts, a defendant's explanation for their actions may be misinterpreted as a justification by the jury.
In personal relationships, listening to someone's reason for their behavior without immediately labeling it as an excuse.
In public discourse, when someone explains a systemic issue, avoid dismissing it as an excuse for individual behavior.
FROM THEORY TO EVERYDAY LIFE
In practice
Mrs. Crabtree and Mrs. Martin
In this case, Mrs. Crabtree committed the fallacy by incorrectly thinking Mrs. Martin’s fact was meant to be a justification, when it was not.
Marshall and God
Marshall explained what God did; he did not offer a justification for it.
A MOMENT TO REFLECT
Put it to work.
When have you mistakenly treated an explanation as an excuse?
How can you determine whether someone is offering a justification or simply explaining a fact?
Why is it important to ask for clarification before assuming someone is making an excuse?
CONTINUE THE CONVERSATION
Source texts
- Logically Fallacious - The Ultimate Collection of Over 300 Logical Fallacies